Why is sugar beet rich in sugar?
Sugar beet is a cultivated beet selected to accumulate photosynthetic products as sucrose in a large storage root.
Structure, development and life cycle
During the first year a leaf rosette captures light and moves carbon into the root. If the plant flowers after winter chilling in year two, reserves shift into stems and seeds, so sugar roots are harvested in year one. Table beet, chard and sugar beet are cultivated groups selected for different purposes within one species.
Growing, uses and cautions
A cool temperate climate, deep prepared soil and balanced water support root growth. Premature bolting, disease, salinity and nutrient imbalance affect yield and sugar concentration. Factories slice roots, extract sugar with hot water and crystallize it. Leaves and processing pulp can be handled as separate by-products.