How does a pitcher plant digest insects?
Pitcher plants are tropical vines whose leaf tips develop into fluid-filled traps that obtain minerals from insects.
Structure, development and life cycle
Nectar and color attract prey to a slippery rim, from which it falls into fluid. Enzymes and microorganisms break down tissues, allowing the plant to absorb dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus. The lid can reduce rain dilution but does not seal the pitcher. Lower and upper vine growth may carry differently shaped traps.
Growing, uses and cautions
Bright filtered light, high humidity, an airy low-mineral medium and pure water are suitable. Putting meat or fertilizer in pitchers may cause rot, and a healthy plant still photosynthesizes without prey. Tropical Nepenthes and temperate Sarracenia have different temperature and dormancy needs. Legal cultivated trade protects wild populations.