What is the difference between flash floods and river floods?
A flash flood is rapid destructive runoff, while a river flood is water extending beyond its usual channel or banks.
Formation, concepts and processes
Heavy rain, snowmelt, saturated soil and impervious surfaces increase runoff. Steep small catchments can respond quickly; large basins may rise later. Floods differ in onset, and intense rain does not cause identical effects everywhere.
Examples, applications and limits
Assess risk using forecasts, waterways, past events and development. Do not cross flooded roads; follow local official warnings. A dry-looking channel can rise suddenly after rain upstream.
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