What is pneumonia?
Pneumonia is an infection of lung tissue caused by various germs, including bacteria and viruses. Severity depends on health and breathing status.
Causes, symptoms and diagnosis
1. Definition and causes Infection inflames air sacs. Older people, young children, immune problems and chronic illness can increase severe disease risk; not every cough is pneumonia. 2. Symptoms and assessment Cough, fever, chest pain, fatigue and breathlessness may occur, sometimes less typically in older people. Examination, oxygen measurements and imaging guide assessment. 3. Care and treatment Care depends on cause and severity. Bacterial cases may need antibiotics, low oxygen may need support, and severe cases hospital care; antibiotics are not routine for viral illness.
Warning signs and prevention
4. When to seek help Marked breathing difficulty, blue lips, confusion, severe chest pain or rapid deterioration require emergency help. At-risk people should be assessed early. 5. Prevention and daily life Appropriate vaccination, hand hygiene and avoiding smoke can reduce risk. Individual vaccine schedules follow local health guidance.