What is coeliac disease?
Coeliac disease is an immune-mediated condition in which gluten damages the small intestine. It differs from wheat allergy or dietary preference.
Causes, symptoms and diagnosis
1. Definition and causes Gluten is in wheat, barley and rye. Genetic susceptibility and immune injury can impair nutrient absorption; family and autoimmune history matter. 2. Symptoms and assessment Diarrhoea, bloating, pain, weight changes, iron deficiency or fatigue may occur, sometimes with non-gut symptoms. Blood tests and sometimes biopsy establish diagnosis. 3. Care and treatment Strict lifelong gluten avoidance is treatment for confirmed disease, with dietetic support and deficiency monitoring. Do not stop gluten before testing without advice.
Warning signs and prevention
4. When to seek help Persistent unexplained digestive symptoms, iron deficiency or close family history merit review. Dehydration, bleeding or substantial weight loss should not be delayed. 5. Prevention and daily life Reading labels and avoiding cross-contact matter after diagnosis. Unnecessary gluten exclusion without diagnosis can complicate testing and nutrition.