What is LiDAR?
LiDAR is a sensing technique that estimates distance using laser light travel time or related optical measurements.
How it works and where it is used
Many samples form a point cloud for mapping, forestry, robotics or some vehicle systems. Airborne, vehicle and handheld sensors differ in range and resolution. Glass, rain, dense fog and reflective surfaces can affect readings. A point cloud does not itself identify an object; interpretation needs processing.
Limits, safety and selection criteria
Safety-critical uses combine sensor data with other inputs and account for uncertainty. Mapping requires coordinate, time and calibration records. Three-dimensional scans can reveal people or private spaces, so privacy practices matter. In aerial mapping, point-cloud processing tries to separate tree canopy from ground, often needing classification and field checks. A robot can build a distance map, but moving objects make old maps stale. Resolution, range and scan frequency involve trade-offs. Check the manufacturer’s laser safety classification and preserve coordinate-system and processing records. When comparing scans from different dates, align them carefully; an apparent change may be a calibration or registration error rather than a real movement.