What is Basil?
Basil, Ocimum basilicum, is grown for aromatic foliage. Its cultivars differ in leaf color, stature and scent.
Botany and life cycle
1. Identity and native range Ocimum basilicum belongs to Lamiaceae and originated in warm regions. In temperate climates it is usually grown as an annual. 2. How to recognize it Soft opposite leaves can be green or purple. Cultivars differ in size and scent. Small pale or purple flowers grow near stem tips. 3. Flowering and reproduction Insects visit the flowers and seeds form afterward. Removing flower stalks can favor leaf harvest; allow flowering when collecting seed.
Ecology, cultivation and uses
4. Habitat and ecology It favors warmth, light and frost-free conditions. Flowers can support pollinators; cold soil restricts growth. 5. Cultivation and care Use a sunny site with suitable well-drained soil. Water regularly without waterlogging; pinching shoot tips encourages branching. 6. Uses and cautions Fresh or dried leaves flavor food. Harvested leaves lose quality with poor storage. Concentrated aromatic oil is not equivalent to culinary leaves.