What is Arabica coffee?
Coffea arabica is one coffee species whose processed seeds are used for beverages. Other Coffea species also produce coffee.
Botany and life cycle
1. Identity and native range Coffea arabica belongs to Rubiaceae and is native to Ethiopian and nearby tropical highlands. It is now cultivated across many tropical countries. 2. How to recognize it The evergreen shrub has glossy opposite leaves and fragrant white flowers. Fleshy fruits ripen red or yellow and usually enclose two seeds called coffee beans. 3. Flowering and reproduction Flowers can often self-pollinate, while insects also visit. Fruits on one branch may ripen at different times. Propagation choices depend on cultivar goals.
Ecology, cultivation and uses
4. Habitat and ecology It is associated with humid tropical highlands. Shade and neighboring trees in plantations affect biodiversity; deforestation and climate change pose risks. 5. Cultivation and care It needs frost-free conditions, suitable rainfall and drainage. Shade and soil moisture management can help; monitor local pests and diseases. 6. Uses and cautions Seeds are separated, processed and usually roasted for beverages. Caffeine varies by species and preparation. Not all plant parts are consumed alike.