How is molarity calculated?
Molarity is calculated by dividing moles of solute by total solution volume in liters.
Molecular process and core principles
Moles can be found by dividing mass by molar mass. The final solution volume after dissolution, not simply solvent volume, must be used.
Evidence, applications and limits
Dilution uses a concentration-volume relation when solute amount is conserved. Temperature can change volume, while hydrates and purity must be included. Comparisons can be misleading unless temperature, pressure, concentration and sample purity are stated.
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