What is the Standard Model of particle physics?
The Standard Model describes known elementary particles and the strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions.
How it works and what the evidence shows
Core idea Matter particles are grouped as quarks and leptons. Different bosons mediate interactions, and the Higgs field is linked to particle masses. Experiments have tested the framework repeatedly. Evidence and research Accelerator measurements compare collision products with predictions. Masses, charges and decay properties are checked using independent observations.
Uses and limitations
Why it matters The model underpins calculations and experimental design in particle physics. It explains much with great precision but is not a final theory of everything. Common misunderstandings It does not include gravity and leaves questions such as the identity of dark matter unanswered. “Standard” does not mean complete.