What is a progressive web app (PWA)?
A PWA is a web application built with web technologies that aims to provide an app-like experience on compatible devices and browsers. It may include installation on a home screen, some offline functions and notifications. Not every PWA must support all these features, and support conditions vary.
Core components
A web app manifest describes the name, icons and launch behavior. A service worker runs separately from the page and can manage network requests and caching. Secure-context requirements and browser permissions must be considered. Caching can make previously retrieved resources available without connectivity. However, opening a page offline does not mean every operation can finish offline. A notes application might allow local writing but require a connection to synchronize with other devices. Users should clearly see whether data is saved, which operations are pending and when information was updated.
Updates and design decisions
PWA design considers different screens, keyboard access, slow connections and failed requests together. Without planned cache cleanup and activation of new versions, users may encounter incompatibility between an old interface and a new server. The scope of cached sensitive content also requires attention. Notification permission should be requested with an explanation of its benefit instead of without context immediately on arrival. A PWA is not universally better or worse than a native mobile app. The choice depends on hardware access, offline needs, distribution convenience and supported platforms. Reliable core web functionality should come first, with advanced features added on top.