August 15: On This Day

Events, births, deaths, holidays and observances for August 15.

Events 103

636 – Arab–Byzantine wars: The Battle of Yarmouk between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate begins.
717 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik begins the Second Arab Siege of Constantinople, which will last for nearly a year.
718 – Arab–Byzantine wars: The Arabs abandon the Second Arab Siege of Constantinople due to failure to secure enough supplies, defeat of their relief army by the Byzantines and an outbreak of plague in the camp.
747 – Carloman, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, renounces his position as majordomo and retires to a monastery near Rome. His brother, Pepin the Short, becomes the sole ruler (de facto) of the Frankish Kingdom.
778 – The Battle of Roncevaux Pass takes place between the army of Charlemagne and a Basque army.
805 – Noble Erchana of Dahauua grants the Bavarian town of Dachau to the Diocese of Freising.
838 – The Arabs under Caliph al-Mu'tasim storm and sack the city of Amorium, killing half the population and enslaving the other.
927 – The Saracens conquer and destroy Taranto.
982 – Holy Roman Emperor Otto II is defeated by the Saracens in the Battle of Capo Colonna, in Calabria.
1018 – Byzantine general Eustathios Daphnomeles blinds and captures Ibatzes of Bulgaria by a ruse, thereby ending Bulgarian resistance against Emperor Basil II's conquest of Bulgaria.
1038 – King Stephen I, the first king of Hungary, dies; his nephew, Peter Orseolo, succeeds him.
1057 – King Macbeth of Scotland is killed at the Battle of Lumphanan by the forces of Máel Coluim mac Donnchada.
1070 – The Pavian-born Benedictine Lanfranc is appointed as the new Archbishop of Canterbury in England.
1096 – Starting date of the First Crusade as set by Pope Urban II.
1136 – Seljuk Sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud enters Baghdad after he besieged it for fifty days and the flight of Abbasid caliph al-Rashid Billah the day before.
1185 – The cave city of Vardzia is consecrated by Queen Tamar of Georgia.
1209 – Albigensian Crusade: The Cathar stronghold of Carcassonne falls to the crusaders.
1224 – The Livonian Brothers of the Sword, a Catholic military order, occupy Tarbatu (today Tartu) as part of the Livonian Crusade.
1237 – Spanish Reconquista: The Battle of the Puig between the Moorish forces of Taifa of Valencia against the Crown of Aragon culminates in an Aragonese victory.
1248 – The foundation stone of Cologne Cathedral, built to house the relics of the Three Wise Men, is laid. (Construction is eventually completed in 1880.)
1261 – Michael VIII Palaiologos leads a triumphal procession into Constantinople following its recapture and is crowned Byzantine emperor.
1281 – Mongol invasions of Japan: The Mongolian fleet of Kublai Khan is destroyed by a "divine wind" for the second time in the Battle of Kōan.
1310 – The city of Rhodes surrenders to the forces of the Knights of St. John, completing their conquest of Rhodes. The knights establish their headquarters on the island and rename themselves the Knights of Rhodes.
1430 – Francesco Sforza, lord of Milan, conquers Lucca.
1461 – The Empire of Trebizond surrenders to the forces of Sultan Mehmed II. This is regarded by some historians as the real end of the Byzantine Empire. Emperor David of Trebizond is exiled and later murdered.
1483 – Pope Sixtus IV consecrates the Sistine Chapel.
1511 – Afonso de Albuquerque of Portugal conquers Malacca, the capital of the Malacca Sultanate.
1517 – Seven Portuguese armed vessels led by Fernão Pires de Andrade meet Chinese officials at the Pearl River estuary.
1519 – Panama City, Panama is founded.
1534 – Ignatius of Loyola and six classmates take initial vows, leading to the creation of the Society of Jesus in September 1540.
1537 – Asunción, Paraguay is founded.
1540 – Arequipa, Peru is founded.
1549 – Jesuit priest Francis Xavier comes ashore at Kagoshima (Traditional Japanese date: 22 July 1549).
1592 – Imjin War: At the Battle of Hansan Island, the Korean Navy, led by Yi Sun-sin, Yi Ŏkki, and Wŏn Kyun, decisively defeats the Japanese Navy, led by Wakisaka Yasuharu.
1599 – Nine Years' War: Battle of Curlew Pass: Irish forces led by Hugh Roe O'Donnell successfully ambush English forces, led by Sir Conyers Clifford, sent to relieve Collooney Castle.
1645 – A Royalist army under the Marquess of Montrose defeats a Covenanter army in the battle of Kilsyth.
1684 – Emperor Leopold I and French king Louis XIV agree to an armistice in the truce of Ratisbon.
1695 – French forces end the bombardment of Brussels.
1760 – Seven Years' War: Battle of Liegnitz: Frederick the Great's victory over the Austrians under Ernst Gideon von Laudon.
1814 – War of 1812: British forces launch a costly and unsuccessful night attack against American defenders during the siege of Fort Erie.
1824 – The Marquis de Lafayette, the last surviving French general of the American Revolutionary War, arrives in New York and begins a tour of 24 states.
1843 – The Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace in Honolulu, Hawaii is dedicated. Now the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu, it is the oldest Roman Catholic cathedral in continuous use in the United States.
1843 – Tivoli Gardens, one of the oldest still intact amusement parks in the world, opens in Copenhagen, Denmark.
1863 – The Anglo-Satsuma War begins between the Satsuma Domain of Japan and the United Kingdom (Traditional Japanese date: July 2, 1863).
1882 – Start of the second part of the Montceau-les-Mines troubles by the Black Band, groups of anarchist miners.
1893 – Ibadan area becomes a British Protectorate after a treaty was signed by Fijabi, the Baale of Ibadan, with the British acting Governor of Lagos, George C. Denton.
1899 – Fratton Park football ground in Portsmouth, England is officially first opened.
1907 – Ordination in Constantinople of Fr. Raphael Morgan, the first African-American Orthodox priest, "Priest-Apostolic" to America and the West Indies.
1914 – A servant of American architect, Frank Lloyd Wright, sets fire to the living quarters of Wright's Wisconsin home, Taliesin, and murders seven people there.
1914 – The Panama Canal opens to traffic with the transit of the cargo ship SS Ancon.
1914 – World War I: The First Russian Army, led by Paul von Rennenkampf, enters East Prussia.
1914 – World War I: Beginning of the Battle of Cer, the first Allied victory of World War I.
1915 – A story in the New York World newspaper reveals that the Imperial German government had purchased excess phenol from Thomas Edison that could be used to make explosives for the war effort and diverted it to Bayer for aspirin production.
1920 – Polish–Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw, so-called Miracle at the Vistula.
1935 – Will Rogers and Wiley Post are killed after their aircraft develops engine problems during takeoff in Barrow, Alaska.
1939 – Twenty-six Junkers Ju 87 bombers commanded by Walter Sigel meet unexpected ground fog during a dive-bombing demonstration for Luftwaffe generals at Neuhammer. Thirteen of them crash and burn.
1939 – The Wizard of Oz premieres at Grauman's Chinese Theater in Los Angeles, California.
1940 – An Italian submarine torpedoes and sinks the Greek cruiser Elli at Tinos harbor during peacetime, marking the most serious Italian provocation prior to the outbreak of the Greco-Italian War in October.
1941 – Corporal Josef Jakobs is executed by firing squad for espionage at the Tower of London at 07:12, making him the last person to be executed at the Tower.
1942 – World War II: Operation Pedestal: The oil tanker SS Ohio reaches the island of Malta barely afloat carrying vital fuel supplies for the island's defenses.
1943 – World War II: Battle of Trahili: Superior German forces surround Cretan partisans, who manage to escape against all odds.
1944 – World War II: Operation Dragoon: Allied forces land in southern France.
1945 – Emperor Hirohito broadcasts his declaration of surrender following the effective surrender of Japan in World War II; Korea gains independence from the Empire of Japan.
1947 – India gains independence from British rule after nearly 190 years of British company and crown rule and joins the Commonwealth of Nations.
1947 – Founder of Pakistan Muhammad Ali Jinnah is sworn in as first Governor-General of Pakistan in Karachi.
1948 – The First Republic of Korea (South Korea) is established in the southern half of the peninsula.
1950 – Measuring .mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}Mw 8.6, the largest earthquake on land occurs in the Assam-Tibet-Myanmar border, killing 4,800.
1952 – A flash flood devastates the town of Lynmouth, England, killing 34 people.
1954 – Alfredo Stroessner begins his dictatorship in Paraguay.
1959 – American Airlines Flight 514, a Boeing 707, crashes near the Calverton Executive Airpark in Calverton, New York, killing all five people on board.
1960 – Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville) becomes independent from France.
1961 – Border guard Conrad Schumann flees from East Germany while on duty guarding the construction of the Berlin Wall.
1962 – James Joseph Dresnok defects to North Korea after running across the Korean Demilitarized Zone. Dresnok died in 2016.
1963 – Execution of Henry John Burnett, the last man to be hanged in Scotland.
1963 – President Fulbert Youlou is overthrown in the Republic of the Congo, after a three-day uprising in the capital.
1965 – The Beatles play to nearly 60,000 fans at Shea Stadium in New York City, an event later regarded as the birth of stadium rock.
1969 – The Woodstock Music & Art Fair opens in Bethel, New York, featuring some of the top rock musicians of the era.
1970 – Patricia Palinkas becomes the first woman to play professionally in an American football game.
1971 – President Richard Nixon completes the break from the gold standard by ending convertibility of the United States dollar into gold by foreign investors.
1971 – Bahrain gains independence from the United Kingdom.
1973 – Vietnam War: The US Air Force bombing of Cambodia ends.
1974 – Yuk Young-soo, First Lady of South Korea, is killed during an apparent assassination attempt upon President Park Chung Hee.
1975 – Bangladeshi leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is killed along with most members of his family during a military coup.
1975 – Takeo Miki makes the first official pilgrimage to Yasukuni Shrine by an incumbent prime minister on the anniversary of the end of World War II.
1976 – SAETA Flight 011 crashes into the Chimborazo volcano in Ecuador, killing all 59 people on board; the wreckage is not discovered until 2002.
1977 – The Big Ear, a radio telescope operated by Ohio State University as part of the SETI project, receives a radio signal from deep space; the event is named the "Wow! signal" from the notation made by a volunteer on the project.
1984 – The Kurdistan Workers' Party in Turkey starts a campaign of armed attacks upon the Turkish Armed Forces with an attack on police and gendarmerie bases in Şemdinli and Eruh.
1985 – Signing of the Assam Accord, an agreement between representatives of the Government of India and the leaders of the Assam Movement to end the movement.
1989 – China Eastern Airlines Flight 5510 crashes after takeoff from Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport, killing 34 of the 40 people on board.
1995 – In South Carolina, Shannon Faulkner becomes the first female cadet matriculated at The Citadel (she drops out less than a week later).
1995 – Tomiichi Murayama, Prime Minister of Japan, releases the Murayama Statement, which formally expresses remorse for Japanese war crimes committed during World War II.
1998 – Northern Ireland: Omagh bombing takes place; 29 people (including a woman pregnant with twins) killed and some 220 others injured.
1998 – Apple introduces the iMac computer.
1999 – Beni Ounif massacre in Algeria: Some 29 people are killed at a false roadblock near the Moroccan border, leading to temporary tensions with Morocco.
2005 – Israel's unilateral disengagement plan to evict all Israelis from the Gaza Strip and from four settlements in the northern West Bank begins.
2005 – The Helsinki Agreement between the Free Aceh Movement and the Government of Indonesia is signed, ending almost three decades of fighting.
2007 – An 8.0-magnitude earthquake off the Pacific coast devastates Ica and various regions of Peru, killing 514 and injuring 1,090.
2013 – At least 27 people are killed and 226 injured in an explosion in southern Beirut near a complex used by Lebanon's militant group Hezbollah in Lebanon. A previously unknown Syrian Sunni group claims responsibility in an online video.
2013 – The Smithsonian announces the discovery of the olinguito, the first new carnivorous species found in the Americas in 35 years.
2015 – North Korea moves its clock back half an hour to introduce Pyongyang Time, 8.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}1⁄2 hours ahead of UTC.
2020 – Russia begins production on the Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine.
2021 – Kabul falls into the hands of the Taliban as Ashraf Ghani flees Afghanistan along with local residents and foreign nationals, effectively reestablishing the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.
2025 – US president Donald Trump meets with Russian president Vladimir Putin in Alaska, the first such summit since the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Births 234

1013 – Teishi, empress of Japan (died 1094)
1171 – Alfonso IX, king of León and Galicia (died 1230)
1195 – Anthony of Padua, Portuguese priest and saint (died 1231)
1385 – Richard de Vere, 11th Earl of Oxford, English commander (died 1417)
1432 – Luigi Pulci, Italian poet (died 1484)
1455 – George, duke of Bavaria (died 1503)
1507 – George III, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, German prince (died 1553)
1575 – Bartol Kašić, Croatian linguist and lexicographer (died 1650)
1589 – Gabriel Báthory, Prince of Transylvania (died 1613)
1607 – Herman IV, landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg (died 1658)
1608 – Henry Howard, 22nd Earl of Arundel, English politician (died 1652)
1613 – Gilles Ménage, French lawyer, philologist, and scholar (died 1692)
1615 – Marie de Lorraine, duchess of Guise (died 1688)
1652 – John Grubb, American politician (died 1708)
1702 – Francesco Zuccarelli, Italian painter and Royal Academician (died 1788)
1717 – Blind Jack, English engineer (died 1810)
1736 – Johann Christoph Kellner, German organist and composer (died 1803)
1740 – Matthias Claudius, German poet and author (died 1815)
1769 – Napoleon Bonaparte, French general and emperor (died 1821)
1771 – Walter Scott, Scottish novelist, playwright, and poet (died 1832)
1785 – Thomas De Quincey, English journalist and author (died 1859)
1787 – Eliza Lee Cabot Follen, American writer, editor, abolitionist (died 1860)
1798 – Sangolli Rayanna, Indian warrior (died 1831)
1807 – Jules Grévy, French lawyer and politician, 4th President of the French Republic (died 1891)
1810 – Louise Colet, French poet (died 1876)
1824 – John Chisum, American businessman (died 1884)
1839 – Antonín Petrof, Czech piano maker (died 1915)
1844 – Thomas-Alfred Bernier, Canadian journalist, lawyer, and politician (died 1908)
1845 – Walter Crane, English artist and book illustrator (died 1915)
1856 – Keir Hardie, Scottish politician and trade unionist (died 1915)
1857 – Albert Ballin, German businessman (died 1918)
1858 – E. Nesbit, English author and poet (died 1924)
1859 – Charles Comiskey, American baseball player and manager (died 1931)
1860 – Florence Harding, American publisher, 31st First Lady of the United States (died 1924)
1863 – Aleksey Krylov, Russian mathematician and engineer (died 1945)
1865 – Mikao Usui, Japanese spiritual leader, founded Reiki (died 1926)
1866 – Italo Santelli, Italian fencer (died 1945)
1872 – Sri Aurobindo, Indian guru, poet, and philosopher (died 1950)
1873 – Ramaprasad Chanda, Indian archaeologist and historian (died 1942)
1875 – Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, English pianist, violinist, and composer (died 1912)
1876 – Stylianos Gonatas, Greek colonel and politician, 111th Prime Minister of Greece (died 1966)
1877 – Tachiyama Mineemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 22nd Yokozuna (died 1941)
1879 – Ethel Barrymore, American actress (died 1959)
1881 – Alfred Wagenknecht, German-American activist and politician (died 1956)
1882 – Marion Bauer, American composer and critic (died 1955)
1882 – Gisela Richter, English archaeologist and art historian (died 1972)
1883 – Ivan Meštrović, Croatian sculptor and architect (died 1962)
1885 – Edna Ferber, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (died 1968)
1886 – Bill Whitty, Australian cricketer (died 1974)
1890 – Jacques Ibert, French composer and educator (died 1962)
1892 – Louis de Broglie, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1987)
1892 – Abraham Wachner, New Zealand politician, 35th Mayor of Invercargill (died 1950)
1893 – Leslie Comrie, New Zealand astronomer and academic (died 1950)
1896 – Gerty Cori, Czech-American biochemist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1957)
1896 – Catherine Doherty, Russian-Canadian activist, founded the Madonna House Apostolate (died 1985)
1896 – Paul Outerbridge, American photographer and educator (died 1958)
1898 – Jan Brzechwa, Polish author and poet (died 1966)
1900 – Estelle Brody, American silent film actress (died 1995)
1900 – Jack Tworkov, Polish-American painter and educator (died 1982)
1901 – Arnulfo Arias Madrid, Panamanian politician, 21st President of Panamá (died 1988)
1901 – Pyotr Novikov, Russian mathematician and theorist (died 1975)
1902 – Jan Campert, Dutch journalist and critic (died 1943)
1904 – Bil Baird, American puppeteer (died 1987)
1904 – George Klein, Canadian inventor, invented the motorized wheelchair (died 1992)
1909 – Hugo Winterhalter, American composer and bandleader (died 1973)
1912 – Julia Child, American chef and author (died 2004)
1912 – Wendy Hiller, English actress (died 2003)
1914 – Paul Rand, American graphic designer and art director (died 1996)
1915 – Signe Hasso, Swedish-American actress (died 2002)
1916 – Aleks Çaçi, Albanian journalist and author (died 1989)
1917 – Jack Lynch, Irish footballer and politician, 5th Taoiseach of Ireland (died 1999)
1917 – Óscar Romero, Salvadoran archbishop (died 1980)
1919 – Huntz Hall, American actor (died 1999)
1919 – Benedict Kiely, Irish journalist and author (died 2007)
1920 – Judy Cassab, Austrian-Australian painter (died 2008)
1921 – August Kowalczyk, Polish actor and director (died 2012)
1922 – Leonard Baskin, American sculptor and illustrator (died 2000)
1922 – Giorgos Mouzakis, Greek trumpet player and composer (died 2005)
1922 – Sabino Barinaga, Spanish footballer and manager (died 1988)
1923 – Rose Marie, American actress and singer (died 2017)
1924 – Robert Bolt, English playwright and screenwriter (died 1995)
1924 – Hedy Epstein, German-American Holocaust survivor and activist (died 2016)
1924 – Yoshirō Muraki, Japanese production designer, art director, and fashion designer (died 2009)
1924 – Phyllis Schlafly, American lawyer, writer, and political activist (died 2016)
1925 – Mike Connors, American actor and producer (died 2017)
1925 – Rose Maddox, American singer-songwriter and fiddle player (died 1998)
1925 – Oscar Peterson, Canadian pianist and composer (died 2007)
1925 – Bill Pinkney, American singer (died 2007)
1925 – Erik Schmidt, Swedish-Estonian painter and author (died 2014)
1926 – Julius Katchen, American pianist and composer (died 1969)
1926 – Eddie Little Sky, American actor (died 1997)
1926 – Sami Michael, Iraqi-Israeli author and playwright (died 2024)
1926 – John Silber, American philosopher and academic (died 2012)
1926 – Konstantinos Stephanopoulos, Greek lawyer and politician, 6th President of Greece (died 2016)
1927 – Eddie Leadbeater, English cricketer (died 2011)
1927 – Oliver Popplewell, English cricketer and judge (died 2024)
1928 – Carl Joachim Classen, German scholar and academic (died 2013)
1928 – Malcolm Glazer, American businessman and sports team owner (died 2014)
1928 – Nicolas Roeg, English director and cinematographer (died 2018)
1929 – Eugene Braunwald, Austrian-American cardiologist known as "The Father of Modern Cardiology" (died 2026)
1931 – Ernest C. Brace, American captain and pilot (died 2014)
1931 – Richard F. Heck, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2015)
1932 – Abby Dalton, American actress (died 2020)
1932 – Robert L. Forward, American physicist and engineer (died 2002)
1932 – Jim Lange, American game show host and DJ (died 2014)
1932 – Johan Steyn, Baron Steyn, South African-English lawyer and judge (died 2017)
1933 – Bobby Helms, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1997)
1933 – Stanley Milgram, American social psychologist (died 1984)
1933 – Mike Seeger, American folk musician and folklorist (died 2009)
1934 – Bobby Byrd, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2007)
1934 – Purushottam Upadhyay, Indian musician, singer and composer (died 2024)
1934 – Reginald Scarlett, Jamaican cricketer and coach (died 2019)
1934 – Darrell K. Sweet, American illustrator (died 2011)
1934 – Valentin Varlamov, Soviet pilot and cosmonaut instructor (died 1980)
1935 – Jim Dale, English actor, narrator, singer, director, and composer
1935 – Régine Deforges, French author, playwright, and director (died 2014)
1935 – Vernon Jordan, American businessman and civil rights activist (died 2021)
1936 – Pat Priest, American actress
1936 – Rita Shane, American soprano and educator (died 2014)
1938 – Stephen Breyer, American lawyer and jurist, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
1938 – Stix Hooper, American jazz drummer
1938 – Pran Kumar Sharma, Indian cartoonist (died 2014)
1938 – Maxine Waters, American educator and politician
1938 – Janusz Zajdel, Polish engineer and author (died 1985)
1939 – Hardial Bains, Canadian politician, founded CPC(M-L) (died 1997)
1939 – Norma Waterson, British folk music revivalist, and singer-songwriter (died 2022)
1940 – Gudrun Ensslin, German militant leader, founded Red Army Faction (died 1977)
1941 – Jim Brothers, American sculptor (died 2013)
1941 – Don Rich, American country musician (died 1974)
1942 – Pete York, English rock drummer
1943 – Eileen Bell, Northern Irish civil servant and politician, 2nd Speaker of the Northern Ireland Assembly
1944 – Linda Ellerbee, American broadcast journalist
1944 – Dimitris Sioufas, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister of Health (died 2019)
1945 – Khaleda Zia, Bangladeshi politician, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (died 2025)
1946 – Jimmy Webb, American singer-songwriter and pianist
1947 – Rakhee Gulzar, Indian film actress
1948 – Patsy Gallant, Canadian singer-songwriter and actress
1948 – Tom Johnston, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1949 – Phyllis Smith, American actress
1950 – Tommy Aldridge, American drummer
1950 – Tess Harper, American actress
1950 – Tom Kelly, American baseball player
1950 – Anne, Princess Royal of the United Kingdom
1951 – Ann Biderman, American screenwriter and producer
1951 – Bobby Caldwell, American singer-songwriter (died 2023)
1951 – John Childs, English cricketer
1952 – Chuck Burgi, American drummer
1953 – Carol Thatcher, English journalist and author
1953 – Mark Thatcher, English businessman
1953 – Wolfgang Hohlbein, German author
1954 – Stieg Larsson, Swedish journalist and author (died 2004)
1956 – Lorraine Desmarais, Canadian pianist and composer
1956 – Freedom Neruda, Ivorian journalist
1956 – Robert Syms, English businessman and politician
1957 – Željko Ivanek, Slovenian-American actor
1958 – Simon Baron-Cohen, English-Canadian psychiatrist and author
1958 – Craig MacTavish, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1958 – Simple Kapadia, Indian actress and costume designer (died 2009)
1958 – Victor Shenderovich, Russian journalist and radio host
1958 – Rondell Sheridan, American actor and comedian
1959 – Scott Altman, American captain, pilot, and astronaut
1961 – Ed Gillespie, American political strategist
1961 – Matt Johnson, English singer-songwriter and musician
1961 – Gary Kubiak, American football player and coach
1961 – Suhasini Maniratnam, Indian actress and screenwriter
1962 – Tom Colicchio, American chef and author
1962 – Rıdvan Dilmen, Turkish footballer and manager
1962 – Inês Pedrosa, Portuguese writer
1962 – Vilja Savisaar-Toomast, Estonian lawyer and politician
1963 – Alejandro González Iñárritu, Mexican filmmaker
1963 – Simon Hart, Welsh soldier and politician
1963 – Jack Russell, English cricketer and coach
1964 – Jane Ellison, English lawyer and politician
1964 – Melinda French Gates, American businesswoman and philanthropist, co-founded the Gates Foundation
1965 – Rob Thomas, American author, screenwriter, and producer
1966 – Scott Brosius, American baseball player and coach
1966 – Dimitris Papadopoulos, Greek basketball player and coach
1967 – Tony Hand, Scottish ice hockey player and coach
1967 – Peter Hermann, American actor
1968 – Debra Messing, American actress
1969 – Bernard Fanning, Australian singer-songwriter
1969 – Carlos Roa, Argentine footballer
1970 – Anthony Anderson, American comedian, actor, and producer
1970 – Ben Silverman, American actor, producer, and screenwriter, founded Electus Studios
1971 – Adnan Sami, Indian singer, musician, music composer, pianist and actor
1972 – Ben Affleck, American actor and filmmaker
1972 – Jennifer Alexander, Canadian ballerina (died 2007)
1972 – Mikey Graham, Irish singer
1974 – Natasha Henstridge, Canadian model and actress
1974 – Tomasz Suwary, Polish footballer
1975 – Bertrand Berry, American football player and radio host
1975 – Vijay Bharadwaj, Indian cricketer and coach
1975 – Brendan Morrison, Canadian ice hockey player
1975 – Kara Wolters, American basketball player
1976 – Robert Macfarlane, English nature writer
1976 – Boudewijn Zenden, Dutch footballer and manager
1977 – Martin Biron, Canadian ice hockey player
1977 – Anthony Rocca, Australian footballer and coach
1978 – Waleed Aly, Australian journalist and television host
1978 – Lilia Podkopayeva, Ukrainian gymnast
1978 – Stavros Tziortziopoulos, Greek footballer
1978 – Kerri Walsh Jennings, American volleyball player
1979 – Carl Edwards, American race car driver
1980 – Fiann Paul, Icelandic explorer
1981 – Brendan Hansen, American swimmer
1981 – Óliver Pérez, American baseball player
1982 – Casey Burgener, American weightlifter
1982 – David Harrison, American basketball player
1983 – Siobhan Chamberlain, English association football goalkeeper
1983 – Rachel Haot, American businesswoman
1984 – Jarrod Dyson, American baseball player
1984 – Emily Kinney, American actress and singer-songwriter
1985 – Nipsey Hussle, American rapper (died 2019)
1987 – Ryan D'Imperio, American football player
1987 – Michel Kreder, Dutch cyclist
1987 – Sean McAllister, English footballer
1988 – Oussama Assaidi, Moroccan footballer
1988 – Boban Marjanović, Serbian basketball player
1989 – Joe Jonas, American singer, songwriter, and actor
1989 – Ryan McGowan, Australian footballer
1989 – Carlos PenaVega, American actor and singer
1989 – Jordan Rapana, New Zealand rugby league player
1990 – Jennifer Lawrence, American actress and producer
1991 – Petja Piiroinen, Finnish snowboarder
1992 – Baskaran Adhiban, Indian chess player
1992 – Matthew Judon, American football player
1993 – Clinton N'Jie, Cameroonian footballer
1993 – Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain, English footballer
1994 – Lasse Vigen Christensen, Danish footballer
1994 – Kosuke Hagino, Japanese swimmer
1995 – Chief Keef, American rapper
1995 – Setyana Mapasa, Indonesian-Australian badminton player
1999 – Paola Reis, BMX rider
2003 – Juanlu Sánchez, Spanish footballer

Deaths 109

398 – Lan Han, official of the Xianbei state Later Yan
423 – Honorius, Roman emperor (born 384)
465 – Libius Severus, Roman emperor (born 420)
698 – Theodotus of Amida, Syrian Orthodox holy man
767 – Abu Hanifa, Iraqi scholar and educator (born 699)
778 – Roland, Frankish military leader
873 – Yi Zong, Chinese emperor (born 833)
874 – Altfrid, bishop of Hildesheim
912 – Han Jian, Chinese warlord (born 855)
932 – Ma Xisheng, Chinese governor and king (born 899)
955 – Bulcsú, Hungarian tribal chieftain (harka)
955 – Lehel, Hungarian tribal chieftain
955 – Súr, Hungarian tribal chieftain
978 – Li Yu, ruler ('king') of Southern Tang
986 – Minnborinus, Irish missionary and abbot
1022 – Nikephoros Phokas Barytrachelos, Byzantine rebel
1038 – Stephen I, Hungarian king (born 975)
1057 – Macbeth, King of Scotland
1118 – Alexios I Komnenos, Byzantine emperor (born 1048)
1196 – Conrad II, Duke of Swabia (born 1173)
1224 – Marie of France, Duchess of Brabant (born 1198)
1257 – Saint Hyacinth of Poland
1274 – Robert de Sorbon, French theologian and educator, founded the College of Sorbonne (born 1201)
1275 – Lorenzo Tiepolo, Doge of Venice
1328 – Yesün Temür, emperor of the Yuan dynasty (born 1293)
1369 – Philippa of Hainault, Queen consort of Edward III of England (born 1314)
1388 – Adalbertus Ranconis de Ericinio, Bohemian theologian and rector of the University of Paris (born circa 1320)
1399 – Ide Pedersdatter Falk, Danish noblewoman (born 1358)
1496 – Infanta Isabella of Portugal, Queen of Castile and León (born 1428)
1506 – Alexander Agricola, Flemish composer (born c. 1445)
1507 – John V, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (born 1439)
1528 – Odet of Foix, Viscount of Lautrec, French general (born 1485)
1552 – Hermann of Wied, German archbishop (born 1477)
1594 – Thomas Kyd, English playwright (born 1558)
1621 – John Barclay, Scottish poet and author (born 1582)
1666 – Johann Adam Schall von Bell, German missionary and astronomer (born 1591)
1714 – Constantin Brâncoveanu, Romanian prince (born 1654)
1728 – Marin Marais, French viol player and composer (born 1656)
1758 – Pierre Bouguer, French mathematician, geophysicist, and astronomer (born 1698)
1799 – Giuseppe Parini, Italian poet and author (born 1729)
1844 – José María Coppinger, governor of Spanish East Florida (born 1733)
1852 – Johan Gadolin, Finnish chemist, physicist, and mineralogist (born 1760)
1859 – Nathaniel Claiborne, American farmer and politician (born 1777)
1907 – Joseph Joachim, Hungarian violinist, composer, and conductor (born 1831)
1909 – Euclides da Cunha, Brazilian sociologist and journalist (born 1866)
1917 – Thomas J. Higgins, American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1831)
1925 – Konrad Mägi, Estonian painter and educator (born 1878)
1928 – Anatole von Hügel, Italian ethnologist and academic, co-founded St Edmund's College, Cambridge (born 1854)
1935 – Wiley Post, American pilot (born 1898)
1935 – Will Rogers, American actor, comedian, and screenwriter (born 1879)
1935 – Paul Signac, French painter and author (born 1863)
1936 – Grazia Deledda, Italian novelist and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1871)
1942 – Mahadev Desai, Indian activist and author (born 1892)
1945 – Korechika Anami, Japanese general and politician, 54th Japanese Minister of the Army (born 1887)
1945 – Fred Hockley, English lieutenant and pilot (born 1923)
1951 – Artur Schnabel, Polish pianist and composer (born 1882)
1953 – Ludwig Prandtl, German physicist and engineer (born 1875)
1962 – Lei Feng, Chinese soldier (born 1940)
1967 – René Magritte, Belgian painter (born 1898)
1971 – Paul Lukas, Hungarian-American actor (born 1894)
1974 – Clay Shaw, American businessman (born 1913)
1975 – Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Bangladeshi politician, 1st President of Bangladesh (born 1920)
1975 – Harun Karadeniz, Turkish political activist and author (born 1942)
1977 – Raymond A. Palmer, American author and magazine editor (born 1910)
1981 – Carol Ryrie Brink, American author (born 1895)
1981 – Jørgen Løvset, Norwegian gynaecologist and academic (born 1896)
1982 – Ernie Bushmiller, American cartoonist (born 1905)
1982 – Jock Taylor, Scottish motorcycle sidecar racer (born 1954)
1982 – Hugo Theorell, Swedish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1903)
1989 – Minoru Genda, Japanese general, pilot, and politician (born 1904)
1989 – Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos, Greek general and diplomat (born 1897)
1990 – Viktor Tsoi, Russian musician and actor (born 1962)
1992 – Linda Laubenstein, American physician and academic (born 1947)
1994 – Wout Wagtmans, Dutch cyclist (born 1929)
1995 – John Cameron Swayze, American journalist and actor (born 1906)
1997 – Ida Gerhardt, Dutch poet and educator (born 1905)
1999 – Hugh Casson, English architect and interior designer (born 1910)
2000 – Lancelot Ware, English barrister and biochemist, co-founder of Mensa (born 1915)
2001 – Yavuz Çetin, Turkish singer-songwriter (born 1970)
2001 – Richard Chelimo, Kenyan runner (born 1972)
2001 – Kateryna Yushchenko, Ukrainian computer scientist and academic (born 1919)
2004 – Sune Bergström, Swedish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1916)
2004 – Amarsinh Chaudhary, Indian politician, 8th Chief Minister of Gujarat (born 1941)
2005 – Bendapudi Venkata Satyanarayana, Indian dermatologist and academic (born 1927)
2006 – Te Atairangikaahu, New Zealand Māori queen (born 1931)
2006 – Rick Bourke, Australian rugby league player (born 1955)
2006 – Faas Wilkes, Dutch footballer and manager (born 1923)
2007 – Richard Bradshaw, English conductor and director (born 1944)
2007 – John Gofman, American biologist, chemist, and physicist (born 1918)
2007 – Geoffrey Orbell, New Zealand physician (born 1908)
2007 – Sam Pollock, Canadian businessman (born 1925)
2008 – Vic Toweel, South African-Australian boxer (born 1929)
2008 – Jerry Wexler, American journalist and producer (born 1917)
2009 – Mary Catherine Lamb, American textile artist (born 1949)
2011 – Rick Rypien, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1984)
2012 – Bob Birch, American bass player and saxophonist (born 1956)
2012 – Altamiro Carrilho, Brazilian flute player and composer (born 1924)
2012 – Harry Harrison, American author and illustrator (born 1925)
2013 – Rosalía Mera, Spanish businesswoman, co-founded Inditex and Zara (born 1944)
2013 – Sławomir Mrożek, Polish-French author and playwright (born 1930)
2013 – Marich Man Singh Shrestha, Nepali politician, 28th Prime Minister of Nepal (born 1942)
2013 – August Schellenberg, Canadian actor (born 1936)
2014 – Licia Albanese, Italian-American soprano and actress (born 1909)
2015 – Julian Bond, American academic, leader of the civil rights movement, and politician (born 1940)
2015 – Hamid Gul, Pakistani general (born 1936)
2017 – Gunnar Birkerts, Latvian-American architect (born 1925)
2020 – Robert Trump, American real-estate developer, business executive (born 1948)
2021 – Gerd Müller, German footballer (born 1945)
2024 – Peter Marshall, American game show host, performer, and singer (born 1926)

Holidays and observances 35

Armed Forces Day (Poland)
Christian feast day: Altfrid Alypius of Thagaste Feast day of the Assumption of Mary, one of the Catholic holy days of obligation (a public holiday in Austria, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia, Burundi, Cameroon, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, France, some states in Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Italy, Ivory Coast, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malta, Mauritius, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Senegal, Seychelles, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Togo, and Vanuatu); and its related observances: Feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos (Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches) Ferragosto (Italy) Māras (Latvia) Mother's Day (Antwerp and Costa Rica) National Acadian Day (Acadians) Navy Day (Romania) Virgin of Candelaria, patron of the Canary Islands. (Tenerife, Spain) Blessed Elvira Moragas Cantarero Blessed Giuliana Puricelli Blessed Isidore Bakanja San La Muerte (Paraguayan Folk Catholicism) Santa Muerte (Mexican Folk Catholicism) Tarcisius August 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Altfrid
Alypius of Thagaste
Feast day of the Assumption of Mary, one of the Catholic holy days of obligation (a public holiday in Austria, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia, Burundi, Cameroon, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, France, some states in Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Italy, Ivory Coast, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malta, Mauritius, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Senegal, Seychelles, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Togo, and Vanuatu); and its related observances: Feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos (Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches) Ferragosto (Italy) Māras (Latvia) Mother's Day (Antwerp and Costa Rica) National Acadian Day (Acadians) Navy Day (Romania) Virgin of Candelaria, patron of the Canary Islands. (Tenerife, Spain)
Feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos (Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches)
Ferragosto (Italy)
Māras (Latvia)
Mother's Day (Antwerp and Costa Rica)
National Acadian Day (Acadians)
Navy Day (Romania)
Virgin of Candelaria, patron of the Canary Islands. (Tenerife, Spain)
Blessed Elvira Moragas Cantarero
Blessed Giuliana Puricelli
Blessed Isidore Bakanja
San La Muerte (Paraguayan Folk Catholicism)
Santa Muerte (Mexican Folk Catholicism)
Tarcisius
August 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Constitution Day (Equatorial Guinea)
Founding of Asunción (Paraguay)
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Korea from Japan in 1945: Gwangbokjeol, "Independence Day" (South Korea) Jogukhaebangui nal, "Fatherland Liberation Day" (North Korea)
Gwangbokjeol, "Independence Day" (South Korea)
Jogukhaebangui nal, "Fatherland Liberation Day" (North Korea)
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of India from the United Kingdom in 1947
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of the Republic of the Congo from France in 1960
International Apostrophe Day
National Day (Liechtenstein)
National Day of Mourning (Bangladesh)
The first day of Flooding of the Nile, or Wafaa El-Nil (Egypt and Coptic Church)
The main day of Bon Festival (Japan), and its related observances: Awa Dance Festival (Tokushima Prefecture)
Awa Dance Festival (Tokushima Prefecture)
Victory Day (Afghanistan), celebrating the 2021 Fall of Kabul
Victory over Japan Day (United Kingdom), and its related observances: End-of-war Memorial Day, when the National Memorial Service for War Dead is held (Japan)
End-of-war Memorial Day, when the National Memorial Service for War Dead is held (Japan)