July 25: On This Day

Events, births, deaths, holidays and observances for July 25.

Events 83

306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.
315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge.
677 – Climax of the Siege of Thessalonica by the Slavs in a three-day assault on the city walls.
864 – The Edict of Pistres of Charles the Bald orders defensive measures against the Vikings.
918 – Wang Geon becomes King of Goryeo after overthrowing Gung Ye in a coup the previous day.
1137 – Eleanor of Aquitaine marries Prince Louis, later King Louis VII of France, at the Cathedral of Saint-André in Bordeaux.
1139 – Battle of Ourique: The Almoravids, led by Ali ibn Yusuf, are defeated by Prince Afonso Henriques who is proclaimed King of Portugal.
1139 – Pope Innocent II confirms in the treaty of Mignano the investiture of the sons of Roger II of Sicily to their fiefs and abandons support for the barons opposed to Roger.
1261 – The city of Constantinople is recaptured by Nicaean forces under the command of Alexios Strategopoulos, re-establishing the Byzantine Empire.
1278 – The naval Battle of Algeciras takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista resulting in a victory for the Emirate of Granada and the Maranid Dynasty over the Kingdom of Castile.
1441 – King Henry VI of England lays the foundation stone of King's College Chapel, Cambridge.
1467 – The Battle of Molinella: The first battle in Italy in which firearms are used extensively.
1536 – Sebastián de Belalcázar, on his search for El Dorado, founds the city of Santiago de Cali.
1538 – The city of Guayaquil is founded by the Spanish Conquistador Francisco de Orellana and given the name Muy Noble y Muy Leal Ciudad de Santiago de Guayaquil.
1547 – Henry II of France is crowned.
1554 – The royal wedding of Mary I and Philip II of Spain is celebrated at Winchester Cathedral.
1567 – Don Diego de Losada founds the city of Santiago de Leon de Caracas, modern-day Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela.
1591 – The Duke of Parma is defeated near the Dutch city of Nijmegen by an Anglo-Dutch force led by Maurice of Orange.
1593 – Henry IV of France publicly converts from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism.
1603 – James VI and I and Anne of Denmark are crowned in Westminster Abbey.
1609 – The English ship Sea Venture, en route to Virginia, is deliberately driven ashore during a storm at Bermuda to prevent its sinking; the survivors go on to found a new colony there.
1668 – A magnitude 8.5 earthquake strikes eastern China, killing over 43,000 people.
1693 – Ignacio de Maya founds the Real Santiago de las Sabinas, now known as Sabinas Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Mexico.
1718 – At the behest of Tsar Peter the Great, the construction of Kadriorg Palace, dedicated to his wife Catherine, begins in Tallinn.
1722 – Dummer's War begins along the Maine-Massachusetts border.
1755 – British governor Charles Lawrence and the Nova Scotia Council order the deportation of the Acadians.
1759 – French and Indian War: In Western New York, British forces capture Fort Niagara from the French, who subsequently abandon Fort Rouillé.
1783 – American Revolutionary War: The war's last action, the Siege of Cuddalore, is ended by a preliminary peace agreement.
1788 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart completes his Symphony No. 40 in G minor (K550).
1792 – The Brunswick Manifesto is issued to the population of Paris promising vengeance if the French royal family is harmed.
1797 – Horatio Nelson loses more than 300 men and his right arm during the failed conquest attempt of Tenerife (Spain).
1799 – Napoleon Bonaparte defeats a numerically superior Ottoman army under Mustafa Pasha at the Battle of Abukir.
1814 – War of 1812: An American attack on Canada is repulsed.
1824 – Costa Rica annexes Guanacaste from Nicaragua.
1835 – James Bowman Lindsay demonstrates a constant electric light at a public meeting in Dundee, Scotland.
1837 – The first commercial use of an electrical telegraph is successfully demonstrated in London by William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone.
1853 – Joaquin Murrieta, the famous Californio bandit known as the "Robin Hood of El Dorado", is killed.
1861 – American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden–Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery, in the wake of the defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run.
1866 – The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to be promoted to this rank.
1868 – The Wyoming Territory is established.
1869 – The Japanese daimyōs begin returning their land holdings to the emperor as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms. (Traditional Japanese Date: June 17, 1869).
1894 – The First Sino-Japanese War begins when the Japanese fire upon a Chinese warship.
1897 – American author Jack London embarks on a sailing trip to take part in the Klondike's gold rush, from which he wrote his first successful stories.
1898 – Spanish–American War: The American invasion of Spanish-held Puerto Rico begins, as United States Army troops under General Nelson A. Miles land and secure the port at Guánica.
1908 – Ajinomoto is founded. Kikunae Ikeda of the Tokyo Imperial University discovers that a key ingredient in kombu soup stock is monosodium glutamate (MSG), and patents a process for manufacturing it.
1909 – Louis Blériot makes the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air machine from Calais to Dover, England, United Kingdom in 37 minutes.
1909 – Begin of the Tragic Week in Barcelona in response to troop mobilisations for the Rif War.
1915 – The British capture Nasiriyah from the Ottomans during the Mesopotamian campaign.
1915 – RFC Captain Lanoe Hawker becomes the first British pursuit aviator to earn the Victoria Cross.
1917 – Sir Robert Borden introduces the first income tax in Canada as a "temporary" measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).
1925 – Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (TASS) is established.
1934 – The Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt.
1940 – General Henri Guisan orders the Swiss Army to resist German invasion and makes surrender illegal.
1942 – The Norwegian Manifesto calls for nonviolent resistance to the German occupation.
1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by the King (encouraged by the Grand Council of Fascism) and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio.
1943 – World War II: 136 Greek civilians are murdered by soldiers of the German 1st Mountain Division in the village of Mousiotitsa, Greece.
1944 – World War II: Operation Spring near Caen is one of the bloodiest days for the First Canadian Army during the war.
1946 – The Crossroads Baker device is the first underwater nuclear weapon test.
1956 – Forty-five miles south of Nantucket Island, the Italian ocean liner SS Andrea Doria collides with the MS Stockholm in heavy fog and sinks the next day, killing 51.
1957 – The Tunisian King Muhammad VIII al-Amin is replaced by President Habib Bourguiba.
1958 – The African Regroupment Party holds its first congress in Cotonou.
1961 – Cold War: In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes that any attack on Berlin is an attack on NATO.
1965 – Bob Dylan goes electric at the Newport Folk Festival, signaling a major change in folk and rock music.
1969 – Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine, stating that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take care of their own military defense. This is the start of the "Vietnamization" of the war.
1971 – The Sohagpur massacre is perpetrated by the Pakistan Army.
1973 – Soviet Mars 5 space probe is launched.
1976 – Viking program: Viking 1 takes the famous Face on Mars photo.
1978 – Puerto Rican police shoot two nationalists in the Cerro Maravilla murders.
1978 – Birth of Louise Joy Brown, the first human to have been born after conception by in vitro fertilisation, or IVF.
1979 – In accord with the Egypt–Israel peace treaty, Israel begins its withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula.
1983 – Black July: Thirty-seven Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by the fellow Sinhalese prisoners.
1984 – Salyut 7 cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a space walk.
1993 – Israel launches a massive attack against Lebanon in what the Israelis call Operation Accountability, and the Lebanese call the Seven-Day War.
1993 – The Saint James Church massacre occurs in Kenilworth, Cape Town, South Africa.
1994 – Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration, that formally ends the state of war that had existed between the nations since 1948.
1995 – A gas bottle explodes in Saint Michel station of line B of the RER (Paris regional train network). Eight are killed and 80 wounded.
1996 – In a military coup in Burundi, Pierre Buyoya deposes Sylvestre Ntibantunganya.
2000 – Concorde Air France Flight 4590 crashes outside of Paris shortly after taking off at Charles de Gaulle Airport, killing 113 people.
2001 – Phoolan Devi, a serving Member of Parliament, is assassinated by shooting in New Delhi, India.
2007 – Pratibha Patil is sworn in as India's first female president.
2010 – WikiLeaks publishes classified documents about the War in Afghanistan, one of the largest leaks in U.S. military history.
2018 – As-Suwayda attacks: Coordinated attacks occur in Syria.
2019 – National extreme heat records set this day in the UK, Belgium, The Netherlands and Germany during the July 2019 European heat wave.

Births 256

975 – Thietmar, bishop of Merseburg (died 1018)
1016 – Casimir I the Restorer, duke of Poland (died 1058)
1109 – Afonso I, king of Portugal (died 1185)
1165 – Ibn Arabi, Andalusian Sufi mystic, poet, and philosopher (died 1240)
1261 – Arthur II, Duke of Brittany (died 1312)
1291 – Hawys Gadarn, Welsh noblewoman (died 1353)
1336 – Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (died 1404)
1394 – James I, king of Scotland (died 1437)
1404 – Philip I, Duke of Brabant (died 1430)
1421 – Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland, English politician (died 1461)
1450 – Jakob Wimpfeling, Renaissance humanist (died 1528)
1486 – Albrecht VII, Duke of Mecklenburg (died 1547)
1498 – Hernando de Aragón, Archbishop of Zaragoza (died 1575)
1532 – Alphonsus Rodriguez, Jesuit lay brother and saint (died 1617)
1556 – George Peele, English translator, poet, and dramatist (died 1596)
1562 – Katō Kiyomasa, Japanese warlord (died 1611)
1573 – Christoph Scheiner, German astronomer and Jesuit (died 1650)
1581 – Brian Twyne, English archivist (died 1644)
1605 – Theodore Haak, German scholar (died 1690)
1633 – Joseph Williamson, English politician (died 1701)
1642 – Louis I, Prince of Monaco (died 1701)
1654 – Agostino Steffani, Italian composer and diplomat (died 1728)
1657 – Philipp Heinrich Erlebach, German composer (died 1714)
1658 – Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll, Scottish general (died 1703)
1683 – Pieter Langendijk, Dutch playwright and poet (died 1756)
1750 – Henry Knox, American general and politician, 1st United States Secretary of War (died 1806)
1753 – Santiago de Liniers, 1st Count of Buenos Aires, French-Spanish captain and politician, 10th Viceroy of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (died 1810)
1797 – Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel (died 1889)
1806 – Maria Weston Chapman, American abolitionist (died 1885)
1839 – Francis Garnier, French captain and explorer (died 1873)
1844 – Thomas Eakins, American painter, sculptor, and photographer (died 1916)
1847 – Paul Langerhans, German pathologist, physiologist and biologist (died 1888)
1848 – Arthur Balfour, Scottish-English lieutenant and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1930)
1857 – Frank J. Sprague, American naval officer and inventor (died 1934)
1861 – Andrew Lawson, Scottish-Canadian Geologist, first to identify and name the San Andreas Fault (died 1952)
1865 – Jac. P. Thijsse, Dutch botanist and conservationist (died 1945)
1866 – Frederick Blackman, English physiologist and academic (died 1947)
1867 – Max Dauthendey, German author and painter (died 1918)
1867 – Alexander Rummler, American painter (died 1959)
1869 – Platon, Estonian bishop and saint (died 1919)
1870 – Maxfield Parrish, American painter and illustrator (died 1966)
1875 – Jim Corbett, Indian hunter, environmentalist, and author (died 1955)
1878 – Masaharu Anesaki, Japanese philosopher and scholar (died 1949)
1882 – George S. Rentz, American commander (died 1942)
1883 – Alfredo Casella, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (died 1947)
1884 – Davidson Black, Canadian paleoanthropologist, discovered and named the Peking Man fossil (died 1934)
1886 – Edward Cummins, American golfer (died 1926)
1894 – Walter Brennan, American actor (died 1974)
1894 – Gavrilo Princip, Bosnian Serb revolutionary and assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife (died 1918)
1895 – Ingeborg Spangsfeldt, Danish actress (died 1968)
1896 – Jack Perrin, American actor and stuntman (died 1967)
1896 – Josephine Tey, Scottish author and playwright (died 1952)
1901 – Ruth Krauss, American author and poet (died 1993)
1901 – Mohammed Helmy, Egyptian physician and Righteous Among the Nations (died 1982)
1901 – Lila Lee, American actress and singer (died 1973)
1902 – Eric Hoffer, American philosopher and author (died 1983)
1905 – Elias Canetti, Bulgarian-Swiss novelist, playwright, and memoirist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1994)
1905 – Georges Grignard, French race car driver (died 1977)
1905 – Denys Watkins-Pitchford, English author and illustrator (died 1990)
1906 – Johnny Hodges, American saxophonist and clarinet player (died 1970)
1908 – Bill Bowes, English cricketer (died 1987)
1908 – Ambroise-Marie Carré, French priest and author (died 2004)
1908 – Jack Gilford, American actor (died 1990)
1909 – Elizabeth Francis, American centenarian (died 2024)
1914 – Woody Strode, American football player and actor (died 1994)
1915 – S. U. Ethirmanasingham, Sri Lankan businessman and politician (date of death unknown)
1915 – Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., American lieutenant and pilot (died 1944)
1916 – Lucien Saulnier, Canadian lawyer and politician (died 1989)
1917 – Fritz Honegger, Swiss lawyer and politician (died 1999)
1918 – Jane Frank, American painter and sculptor (died 1986)
1920 – Rosalind Franklin, English biophysicist, chemist, and academic. Contributor to basic research of DNA. (died 1958)
1921 – Adolph Herseth, American soldier and trumpet player (died 2013)
1921 – Lionel Terray, French mountaineer (died 1965)
1922 – John B. Goodenough, American materials scientist, physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2023)
1923 – Estelle Getty, American actress (died 2008)
1923 – Edgar Gilbert, American mathematician and theorist (died 2013)
1923 – Maria Gripe, Swedish journalist and author (died 2007)
1924 – Frank Church, American lawyer and politician (died 1984)
1924 – Scotch Taylor, South African cricketer and hockey player (died 2004)
1925 – Benny Benjamin, American R&B drummer (died 1969)
1925 – Jerry Paris, American actor and director (died 1986)
1925 – Dick Passwater, American race car driver (died 2020)
1925 – Jutta Zilliacus, Finnish journalist and politician (died 2026)
1926 – Whitey Lockman, American baseball player, coach, and manager (died 2009)
1926 – Bernard Thompson, British television producer and director (died 1998)
1926 – Beatriz Segall, Brazilian actress (died 2018)
1927 – Daniel Ceccaldi, French actor, director, and screenwriter (died 2003)
1927 – Midge Decter, American journalist and author (died 2022)
1927 – Sadiq Hussain Qureshi, Pakistani politician, 10th Governor of Punjab (died 2000)
1927 – Jean-Marie Seroney, Kenyan activist and politician (died 1982)
1928 – Dolphy, Filipino actor, singer, and producer (died 2012)
1928 – Mario Montenegro, Filipino actor (died 1988)
1928 – Nils Taube, Estonian-English businessman (died 2008)
1929 – Judd Buchanan, Canadian businessman and politician, 36th Canadian Minister of Public Works
1929 – Somnath Chatterjee, Indian lawyer and politician, 14th Speaker of the Lok Sabha (died 2018)
1929 – Eddie Mazur, Canadian ice hockey player (died 1995)
1930 – Murray Chapple, New Zealand cricketer and manager (died 1985)
1930 – Maureen Forrester, Canadian actress and singer (died 2010)
1930 – Alice Parizeau, Polish-Canadian journalist and criminologist (died 1990)
1930 – Herbert Scarf, American economist and academic (died 2015)
1930 – Annie Ross, Scottish-American singer and actress (died 2020)
1931 – James Butler, English sculptor and educator (died 2022)
1932 – Paul J. Weitz, American astronaut (died 2017)
1934 – Don Ellis, American trumpet player and composer (died 1978)
1934 – Claude Zidi, French director and screenwriter
1935 – Barbara Harris, American actress and singer (died 2018)
1935 – Adnan Khashoggi, Saudi Arabian businessman (died 2017)
1935 – Gilbert Parent, Canadian educator and politician, 33rd Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada (died 2009)
1935 – John Robinson, American football player and coach (died 2024)
1935 – Larry Sherry, American baseball player and coach (died 2006)
1935 – Lars Werner, Swedish lawyer and politician (died 2013)
1936 – Gerry Ashmore, English race car driver (died 2021)
1936 – Glenn Murcutt, English-Australian architect and academic
1937 – Colin Renfrew, Baron Renfrew of Kaimsthorn, English archaeologist and academic (died 2024)
1939 – S. Ramadoss, Indian politician
1940 – Richard Ballantine, American-English journalist and author (died 2013)
1941 – Manny Charlton, Spanish-born Scottish rock musician and songwriter (died 2022)
1941 – Nate Thurmond, American basketball player (died 2016)
1941 – Emmett Till, African-American lynching and kidnapping victim (died 1955)
1942 – Bruce Woodley, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1943 – Jim McCarty, English singer and drummer
1943 – Erika Steinbach, Polish-German politician
1944 – Sally Beauman, English journalist and author (died 2016)
1946 – José Areas, Nicaraguan drummer
1946 – Nicole Farhi, French fashion designer and sculptor
1946 – John Gibson, American radio host
1946 – Rita Marley, Cuban-Jamaican singer
1946 – P. Selvarasa, Sri Lankan politician
1946 – Ljupka Dimitrovska, Macedonian-Croatian pop singer (died 2016)
1948 – Steve Goodman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1984)
1949 – Alaksandar Milinkievič, Belarusian political dissident (died 2026)
1950 – Mark Clarke, English singer-songwriter and bass player
1951 – Jack Thompson, American lawyer and activist
1951 – Verdine White, American bass player and producer
1952 – Eduardo Souto de Moura, Portuguese architect, designed the Estádio Municipal de Braga
1953 – Walter Payton, American football player and race car driver (died 1999)
1953 – Joseph A. Tunzi, Chicago based author, foremost expert on Elvis Presley
1953 – Robert Zoellick, American banker and politician, 14th United States Deputy Secretary of State
1954 – Ken Greer, Canadian guitarist, keyboard player, and producer
1954 – Sheena McDonald, Scottish journalist
1954 – Jochem Ziegert, German footballer and manager
1955 – Iman, Somali-English model and actress
1955 – Randall Bewley, American guitarist and songwriter (died 2009)
1956 – Frances Arnold, American scientist and engineer (Nobel Prize for Chemistry 2018)
1957 – Mark Hunter, English politician
1957 – Steve Podborski, Canadian skier
1958 – Alexei Filippenko, American astrophysicist and academic
1958 – Thurston Moore, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1959 – Fyodor Cherenkov, Russian footballer and manager (died 2014)
1959 – Geoffrey Zakarian, American chef and author
1960 – Alain Robidoux, Canadian snooker player
1960 – Justice Howard, American photographer
1960 – Māris Martinsons, Latvian film director, producer, screenwriter, and editor
1961 – Illeana Douglas, American actress
1961 – Katherine Kelly Lang, American actress
1962 – Carin Bakkum, Dutch tennis player
1962 – Doug Drabek, American baseball player and coach
1963 – Denis Coderre, Canadian politician, 44th Mayor of Montreal
1963 – Julian Hodgson, Welsh chess player
1964 – Anne Applebaum, American journalist and author
1964 – Tony Granato, American ice hockey player and coach
1964 – Breuk Iversen, American designer and journalist
1965 – Marty Brown, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1965 – Torey Lovullo, American baseball player and coach
1965 – Dale Shearer, Australian rugby league player
1966 – Daryl Halligan, New Zealand rugby player and sportscaster
1966 – Maureen Herman, American bass player
1966 – Diana Johnson, English politician
1967 – Matt LeBlanc, American actor and producer
1967 – Ruth Peetoom, Dutch minister and politician
1967 – Tommy Skjerven, Norwegian footballer and referee
1967 – Wendy Raquel Robinson, American actress
1968 – Rudi Bryson, South African cricketer
1968 – Shi Tao, Chinese journalist and poet
1969 – Jon Barry, American basketball player and sportscaster
1969 – Annastacia Palaszczuk, Australian politician, 39th Premier of Queensland
1969 – D. B. Woodside, American actor
1971 – Roger Creager, American singer-songwriter
1971 – Tracy Murray, American basketball player
1971 – Billy Wagner, American baseball player and coach
1972 – David Penna, Australian rugby league player and coach
1973 – David Denman, American actor
1973 – Dani Filth, English singer-songwriter
1973 – Kevin Phillips, English footballer
1973 – Igli Tare, Albanian footballer
1974 – Lauren Faust, American animator, producer, and screenwriter
1974 – Julia Laffranque, Estonian lawyer and judge
1974 – Kenzo Suzuki, Japanese rugby player and wrestler
1975 – Jody Craddock, English footballer and coach
1975 – Jean-Claude Darcheville, Guianan-French footballer
1975 – El Zorro, Mexican wrestler
1975 – Brian Gibson, American bass player
1975 – Evgeni Nabokov, Russian ice hockey player
1976 – Marcos Assunção, Brazilian footballer
1976 – Jovica Tasevski-Eternijan, Macedonian poet and critic
1976 – Javier Vázquez, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
1977 – Kenny Thomas, American basketball player
1978 – Louise Brown, English woman, first person to be born through in vitro fertilization
1978 – Gerard Warren, American football player
1979 – Ali Carter, English snooker player
1979 – Tom Lungley, English cricketer and umpire
1979 – Ahmed Tantawi, Egyptian politician and journalist
1979 – Juan Pablo Di Pace, Argentine actor
1980 – Shawn Riggans, American baseball player
1980 – Toni Vilander, Finnish race car driver
1980 – David Wachs, American actor and producer
1980 – Scott Waldrom, New Zealand rugby player
1981 – Finn Bálor, Irish wrestler
1981 – Conor Casey, American soccer player
1981 – Constantinos Charalambidis, Cypriot footballer
1981 – Yūichi Komano, Japanese footballer
1981 – Mac Lethal, American rapper and producer
1981 – Jani Rita, Finnish ice hockey player
1982 – Jason Dundas, Australian TV host
1982 – Brad Renfro, American actor and musician (died 2008)
1983 – Nenad Krstić, Serbian basketball player
1984 – Loukas Mavrokefalidis, Greek basketball player
1984 – Robert Clardy, American football coach
1984 – Zawe Ashton, British actress
1985 – James Lafferty, American actor and athlete
1985 – Nelson Piquet Jr., Brazilian race car driver
1985 – Hugo Rodallega, Colombian footballer
1985 – Shantel VanSanten, American actress and model
1986 – Abraham Gneki Guié, Ivorian footballer
1986 – Hulk, Brazilian footballer
1987 – Richard Bachman, American ice hockey player
1987 – Mitchell Burgzorg, Dutch footballer and rapper
1987 – Fernando, Brazilian footballer
1987 – Jax Jones, English DJ, singer and songwriter
1987 – Eran Zahavi, Israeli footballer
1988 – Sarah Geronimo, Filipino singer and actress
1988 – John Goossens, Dutch footballer
1988 – Tom Hiariej, Dutch footballer
1988 – Stacey Kemp, English skater
1988 – Paulinho, Brazilian footballer
1988 – Anthony Stokes, Irish footballer
1989 – Natalia Vieru, Russian basketball player
1990 – Thodoris Karapetsas, Greek footballer
1991 – Toni Duggan, English footballer
1991 – Hasan Piker, American Twitch streamer
1992 – Sergei Simonov, Russian ice hockey player (died 2016)
1992 – Jordan Martinook, Canadian ice hockey player
1994 – Natalija Stevanović, Serbian tennis player
1994 – Andrei Vasilevskiy, Russian ice hockey player
1994 – Mathew Dumba, Canadian ice hockey player
1995 – Alvin Kamara, American football player
1995 – Maria Sakkari, Greek tennis player
1996 – Jaafar Jackson, American actor and singer
1997 – Nat Butcher, Australian rugby league player
2000 – Meg Donnelly, American actress
2000 – Zhang Hao, Chinese singer
2000 – Shakira Austin, American basketball player
2001 – Bryce Young, American football player
2002 – Equi Fernández, Argentine footballer
2002 – Alperen Şengün, Turkish basketball player
2002 – Adam Hložek, Czech footballer

Deaths 99

306 – Constantius Chlorus, Roman emperor (born 250)
885 – Ragenold, margrave of Neustria
1011 – Ichijō, emperor of Japan (born 980)
1190 – Sibylla, queen of Jerusalem
1195 – Herrad of Landsberg, abbess, author, and illustrator (born c. 1130)
1409 – Martin I, king of Sicily (born 1376)
1471 – Thomas à Kempis, German priest and mystic
1472 – Charles of Artois, French nobleman (born 1394)
1492 – Innocent VIII, pope of the Catholic Church (born 1432)
1564 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1503)
1572 – Isaac Luria, Ottoman rabbi and mystic (born 1534)
1608 – Pomponio Nenna, Italian composer (born 1556)
1616 – Andreas Libavius, German physician and chemist (born 1550)
1643 – Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull, English general and politician (born 1584)
1681 – Urian Oakes, English-American minister and educator (born 1631)
1790 – Johann Bernhard Basedow, German educator and reformer (born 1723)
1790 – William Livingston, American soldier and politician, 1st Governor of New Jersey (born 1723)
1791 – Isaac Low, American merchant and politician (born 1735)
1794 – André Chénier, Greek-French poet and author (born 1762)
1794 – Jean-Antoine Roucher, French poet and author (born 1745)
1794 – Friedrich von der Trenck, Prussian adventurer and author (born 1726)
1826 – Kondraty Ryleyev, Russian poet and publisher (born 1795)
1831 – Maria Szymanowska, Polish composer and pianist (born 1789)
1834 – Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English philosopher, poet, and critic (born 1772)
1842 – Dominique Jean Larrey, French physician and surgeon (born 1766)
1843 – Charles Macintosh, Scottish chemist and inventor of waterproof fabric (born 1766)
1861 – Jonas Furrer, Swiss lawyer and politician, President of the Swiss Confederation (born 1805)
1865 – James Barry, English soldier and surgeon (born 1799)
1887 – John Taylor, American religious leader, 3rd President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (born 1808)
1934 – François Coty, French businessman, founded Coty (born 1874)
1934 – Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian politician, 14th Chancellor of Austria (born 1892)
1934 – Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary (born 1888)
1942 – Fred Englehardt, American triple jumper (born 1879)
1947 – Kathleen Scott, English sculptor (born 1878)
1952 – Herbert Murrill, English organist and composer (born 1909)
1958 – Otto Lasanen, Finnish wrestler (born 1891)
1959 – Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog, Polish-born Irish rabbi and author (born 1888)
1962 – Thibaudeau Rinfret, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 9th Chief Justice of Canada (born 1879)
1963 – Ugo Cerletti, Italian neurologist and academic (born 1877)
1966 – Frank O'Hara, American poet and critic (born 1926)
1967 – Konstantinos Parthenis, Egyptian-Greek painter (born 1878)
1971 – John Meyers, American swimmer and water polo player (born 1880)
1971 – Leroy Robertson, American composer and educator (born 1896)
1973 – Amy Jacques Garvey, Jamaican-American journalist and activist (born 1895)
1973 – Louis St. Laurent, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Canada (born 1882)
1977 – Shivrampant Damle, Indian educationist (born 1900)
1980 – Vladimir Vysotsky, Russian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (born 1938)
1981 – Rosa A. González, Puerto Rican nurse, author, feminist, and activist (born 1889)
1982 – Hal Foster, Canadian-American author and illustrator (born 1892)
1984 – Bryan Hextall, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1913)
1984 – Big Mama Thornton, American singer-songwriter (born 1926)
1986 – Vincente Minnelli, American director and screenwriter (born 1903)
1988 – Judith Barsi, American child actress (born 1978)
1989 – Steve Rubell, American businessman, co-owner of Studio 54 (born 1943)
1991 – Lazar Kaganovich, Soviet politician (born 1893)
1992 – Alfred Drake, American actor and singer (born 1914)
1995 – Charlie Rich, American singer-songwriter (born 1932)
1997 – Ben Hogan, American golfer (born 1912)
1998 – Evangelos Papastratos, Greek businessman, co-founded Papastratos (born 1910)
2000 – Rudi Faßnacht, German footballer, coach, and manager (born 1934)
2002 – Abdel Rahman Badawi, Egyptian philosopher and poet (born 1917)
2003 – Ludwig Bölkow, German engineer (born 1912)
2003 – John Schlesinger, English actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1926)
2004 – John Passmore, Australian philosopher and academic (born 1914)
2005 – Albert Mangelsdorff, German trombonist (born 1928)
2006 – Ezra Fleischer, Romanian-Israeli poet and philologist (born 1928)
2007 – Bernd Jakubowski, German footballer and manager (born 1952)
2008 – Jeff Fehring, Australian footballer (born 1955)
2008 – Tracy Hall, American chemist and academic (born 1919)
2008 – Randy Pausch, American computer scientist and educator (born 1960)
2009 – Vernon Forrest, American boxer (born 1971)
2009 – Stanley Middleton, English author (born 1919)
2009 – Harry Patch, English soldier (born 1898)
2009 – Yasmin Ahmad, Malaysian film director (born 1958)
2011 – Michael Cacoyannis, Cypriot-Greek director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1922)
2012 – B. R. Ishara, Indian director and screenwriter (born 1934)
2012 – Barry Langford, English director and producer (born 1926)
2012 – Greg Mohns, American-Canadian football player and coach (born 1950)
2012 – Franz West, Austrian painter and sculptor (born 1947)
2013 – Walter De Maria, American sculptor, illustrator, and composer (born 1935)
2013 – William J. Guste, American lawyer and politician (born 1922)
2013 – Hugh Huxley, English-American biologist and academic (born 1924)
2014 – Bel Kaufman, German-American author and academic (born 1911)
2014 – Richard Larter, Australian painter and illustrator (born 1929)
2015 – Jacques Andreani, French diplomat, French ambassador to the United States (born 1929)
2015 – R. S. Gavai, Indian lawyer and politician, 18th Governor of Kerala (born 1929)
2015 – Bob Kauffman, American basketball player and coach (born 1946)
2016 – Tim LaHaye, American Christian minister and author (born 1926)
2016 – Tom Peterson, American television personality (born 1930)
2017 – Michael Johnson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1944)
2018 – Sergio Marchionne, Italian-Canadian businessman (born 1952)
2019 – Beji Caid Essebsi, 4th President and 9th Prime Minister of Tunisia (born 1926)
2020 – Regis Philbin, American actor and television host (born 1931)
2020 – Peter Green, English blues rock guitarist, singer-songwriter and founder of Fleetwood Mac (born 1946)
2020 – Lou Henson, American college basketball coach (born 1932)
2022 – Paul Sorvino, American actor (born 1939)
2022 – David Trimble, Northern Irish statesman and politician (born 1944)
2024 – Shafin Ahmed, Bangladeshi bassist and singer-songwriter (born 1961)
2024 – Martin Indyk, American diplomat (born 1951)

Holidays and observances 19

Christian feast day: Anne (Eastern Christianity) Carmen Salles y Barangueras Christopher (Western Christianity) Cucuphas Glodesind James the Great (Western Christianity) John I Agnus Julian of Le Mans (translation) Magnerich of Trier Olympias the Deaconess Rodolfo Acquaviva July 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Anne (Eastern Christianity)
Carmen Salles y Barangueras
Christopher (Western Christianity)
Cucuphas
Glodesind
James the Great (Western Christianity)
John I Agnus
Julian of Le Mans (translation)
Magnerich of Trier
Olympias the Deaconess
Rodolfo Acquaviva
July 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Guanacaste Day (Costa Rica)
National Baha'i Day (Jamaica)
National Day of Galicia (Galicia, Spain)
Puerto Rico Constitution Day (Puerto Rico)
International Afro-descendant Women's Day
Tenjin Matsuri (Osaka, Japan)